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7 L L E I H T L G APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING THE ADMISSION OF AIR T0 FURNACES.

Patented Feb. 27. 1894.

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G. L. THIELL. A APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING THE ADMISSIDNOF AIR TO FURNAGES. No. 515,377. Patented Feb. '27, 1894..

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G. L. THIELL. APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING THE ADMISSION or AIR T0 FURNACES.

No. 515,377. Patented Feb. 27, 1894.

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APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING THE ADMISSION OF AIR T0 FURNACES.

No. 515,377. Patented Feb. 27, 1894.

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G. L. THIELL. AP IARATUS FOR CONTROLLING THE ADMISSION OI AIR T0 PUBNAGES.

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No. 515,377.- Patented Feb. 27, 1894.

(No Model.) -7 Sheets-Sheet I G. L. THIEL'L, APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING THE ADMISSION OF AIR T0 FURNACES. No. 515,377. Patented Feb. 27,1894.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE LANDER THIELL, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE THIELL COMBUSTION GOVERNOR AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF

SAME PLACE.

APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING THE ADMISSION OF AIR TO FURNACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 515,377, dated February 27, 1894.

Application filed April 19, 1893. Serial No 470,998. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known th atI, GEORGE LANDER THIELL, of the city of Baltimore and State of Maryland, have invented certain Improvements in Apparatus for Controlling the Admission of Air to Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

In Letters Patent No. 490,177, granted tome on the 17th day of January, 1893, and in my pending applications, Serial Nos. 454,740 and 467,449, I show and describe apparatus wherein a diaphragm having one side thereof exposed to the gases in the combustion chamber of a boiler furnace, and the other to the atmosphere, is connected by certain levers and rods to the damper lever, to operate it. In such an arrangement the only power to operate the damper, is that consequent upon change in the relative pressures of the gases in the combustion chamber, and the atmosphere; and to obtain sufficient force to readily move the damper with a very slight alteration in the said relative pressures, the diaphragm has to be large, and large diaphragms are objectionable in many respects.

In the present invention I am enabled to reduce the size of the diaphragm, by operating the damper directly by a steam or water motor, and only operate the valve which controls the admission of steam or water to the motor, by means of the diaphragm. With this arrangement, a small diaphragm only is required, or one of sufficient power only, to operate the motor valve with a very slight variation in the relative pressures of the gases and the air.

In the description of the said invention which follows, reference is made to the accompanying drawings forming a parthereof, and in which- Figure l is a partly sectional side .view of an upright water tube boiler provided with the present invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged exterior view of the apparatus alone, as seen from a point removed ninety degrees from that taken in Fig. 1. Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, are details of the apparatus on a further enlarged scale. Figs. 8 and 9 illustrate a modification in the construction of certain parts of the apparatus, as hereinafter described.

Referring now to Fig. l of the drawings,A is an ordinary vertical water tube boiler, and B the chimney damper the movement of which under circumstances hereinafter described, is the ultimate object of the invention.

Referring now particularly to Fig. 3 of the drawings, which is a sectional side view of the principal parts of the apparatus, C is a box in two parts or sections, having a suitable stand a whereby it issupported. In the present case, the stand rests on a shelf 1) (shown only in Fig. 1) projecting from the side of the boiler. Between the two parts or sections 0 and d of the box C, is a flexible diaphragm D held in place by bolts 6 which also hold the tWo sections a and (1 together. This diaphraginmay be made of any suitable material, but'cotton duck treated with rubber is preferred.

Fig. 5 is a top view of Fig. 3; and Fig. 6 a section of Fig. 3 taken on the dotted line m0c.

E and F are circular metallic plates secured, respectively, to the top and bottom of the diaphragm G is a stem held to the plates E and F, and also to the diaphragm D, by the nuts 9. This stem passes through an aperture h in the top section cof the box C, and its head is provided with a collard having an armj extending laterally from one side thereof.

The lower section of the box C is connected with the interior of the furnace of the boiler A, or to the combustion chamber thereof, by a pipe H, shown onlyin Figs. 1,2 and 7. The nozzle for the said pipe is, however, shown also in Fig. 3.

I is a steam or water cylinder, erected, by preference,- on the top of the section 0 of the box C, and near to the center thereof.

J is a piston in the cylinder I having arod K which passes through the cylinder headm at the upper end of the cylinder. The end of this piston rod is provided with an eye or. or any other suitable appliance, wherebyit is connected to a chain 0, which passes over a 5 piston rod K, and it is of such size as to close the damper B when the piston J is not sustained by steam or water. In other words, the closing of the damper is effected by the gravity of the weight L.

In the present case, the damperB is weighted at one side so as to automatically open when the chain 0 is slackened by the rise of the piston J in the cylinder I. In some applications of this invention to boilers, the damper is opened bya system of rodsand levers,-and in such cases, the force of the upwardly moving piston rod is used to open'the damper.

M is avalve chest havinganozzle s screwed into the Wall of the cylinder I at a point below the piston J. This valve chest is bored out for the reception of the hollow cylindrical valve N hereinafter more particularly described, and it has the nozzles a and E) into which are screwed, respectively, the waste pipe 0 leading to a sewer and the steam or water pipe (1' which in the present case is intendedfor water and connected to the service pipe of the water supply. These pipes are shown only in Fig. 2, but the nozzles for them are illustrated in Fig. 4. The valve N has two annular grooves e and f 'which serve to bring into communication, under certain circumstances hereinafter described, the ports 9 and h which lead to the nozzles 01. and b, and also to place the nozzle 3 in communication with either of the ports g or h through the medium of ,the apertures g and b leading into the interior of the valve N as hereinafter described.

Fig. 4 shows the valve chest, and valve, as seen from a different point of view.

The upper end of the valve N is slotted and in this slot is placed a lever O fulcrumed at 11' to a bracket j projecting from the valve chest M. This lever terminates in a yoke which straddles the collar'i and is pivotedto the armj which is a part of the said collar.

P is a grooved pulley adapted to revolve on a stud m projecting from an arm Q which extends from a band R which is around the cylinder I. This grooved pulley has asmaller flanged pulley S formed on its outer face and to this latter pulley is attached a chain n fastened to the upper end of a spiral spring T having its lower end secured to the head of the stem G by means of an adjusting eye screwed into the stem G. Another chain 0 leads from the grooved circumference of the pulley P to which it is fastened, to an arm U on thepiston rod K and situated immediately below the weight holding plate r.

Supposing the boiler to be in use, and the furnace door open so that the pressure of the gases in the combustion chamber is equal to that of the air, the diaphragm D assumes the elevated position shown in Fig. 3 and the valve Nis raised. The valve N being inits highest position, the port 77. leading to the water supply pipe 01' is closed and the space below the pistonJ in the cylinder I is in communication with the outlet or discharge pipe 0 by means of the nozzle .9, the annular groove f the aperture h the central passage in the valve N, the aperture 9 the annular groove e and the port 9'. From this it will be seen that no water under pressure can remain under the piston J to sustain it, and the piston is held down by the weight L and the damper B kept closed by the chain 0. Upon the closing of the furnace door, the pressure in the combustion chamber is reduced,and the diaphragm D consequently depressed, and in the depression of the diaphragm the valve N is lowered until its head strikes the top of the valve chest M. The port g leading to the discharge pipe 0' is thus closed, and the port It opened or uncovered by the valve N. Water entering the port h passes to the annular groove 6, thence through the aperture 9 the central channel of the valve N, thence through the aperture h to the annu' lar groove f and thence to the nozzle sle'ading to the under side of the piston J. The piston is then raised by the incoming water and the damper opened. As the piston rod K with its arm U rises, the chain 0' is drawn which turns the pulley P and effects the winding of the chain it on the small pulley S. This winding of the chain 72' extends the spring T, and when the tension on the said spring overcomes the resistance of the diaphragm,the diaphragm D is slightly raised of gases and air on the diaphragm are maintained, is thus prevented, as no more water can enter the cylinder to elevate the piston, and that already therein cannot escape'until by a change in the relative pressures of the gases and air on the diaphragm, the valve N is again moved. For instance, should the tire require still more air the pressure in the combustion chamber becomes less, and the diaphragm is further depressed by the practically increased pressure of the atmosphere. The depression of the diaphragm causes the valve N to be again lowered, and the port It to be again uncovered and this serves to admit more water to underneath the piston J and that device is therefore further elevated which slackens the chain 0 and the damper being loaded is automatically opened. This further opening of the damper continues until in the winding of the chain 02 and the ex bustion chamber is increased, and the diaphragm raised which causes the valve N to uncover the port 9 which operation admits of the escape of water from under the piston J and thatdevice being for the time unsupported by water under pressure, it is lowered by the gravity of the weight L, and the damper somewhat closed by the drawing of the chain From the foregoing, it will be understood that owing to the elasticity of the spring T which is an element of the connecting mechanism between the piston rod K, and the diaphragm D, the valve N is so adjusted that the damper when placed in a certain position is held thereat until a difierent ratio of pressures of the gases and air, is established, when an adjustment of the damper is promptly made, and the new position of the damper maintained, until another change is required.

Figs. 8 and 9 correspond with Figs. 3 and 4, except that the valve N is lifted directly by the arm j, instead of by the lever 0 connected to the said arm. With this alternate construction, the valve N has a motion in common with the diaphragm D, and the accurate adjustment of the damper by the operation of the said valve as described, is not effected to the same extent. It is applicable however for use in cases where a uniform quantity of fuel is applied to the furnace, as where the fuel consists of oil or gas, and the fiow controlled by valves or cocks. In such applications, the draft in the chimney must be uniform notwithstanding changes in temperature of the air, velocity of the wind, or in the density of the atmosphere. To eifect this uniform draft in the chimney, the valve chest M is provided with the ports g and h before described, but the valve N is furnished with annular ports a b and c which are in communication with the interior of the valve by means of holes d 6 and f It has also the annular groove f and the aperture h before described.

Supposing the diaphragm D, and the valve N to be in the positions shown, the discharge port g is open, for the reason that the nozzle 8 is in communication with the annular groovef, aperture W, the central channel in the valve, the hole 0 and the port b leading to the port g. When the furnace door is closed, the diaphragm is depressed until the port 0 of the valve N, comes into alignment with the port 77., when water from the port it enters the port 0 and passes through the hole f into the central channel, thence through the aperture 7?, the annular groove f, and the nozzle 5 to the under side of the piston which piston is then raised and the damper opened. The upward movement of the piston continues until the tension on the spiral spring T overcomes the pressure on the diaphragm D, when the valve N is raised until 'the ports 9' and h are covered, and further movement of the piston is prevented. Should the draft in the chimney be suddenly increased by a gust of wind, the diaphragm falls rapidly, and the valve N being moved down to its lowest position, the port a comes in alignment with the port g, and through the medium of the hole (1 water is discharged as before described from the under side of the piston J, and the damper closed. As soon as the gust of wind is over the diaphragm rises and water is admitted to the cylinder to open the damper by means of the ports, holes, and channels before described.

In my pending applications, Serial Nos. 454,740 and 467,499, I show and describe a steam or water motor which is putin operation by the rise of steam pressure in the boiler to a prearranged height, and which then so influences the connecting mechanism between the flexible diaphragm which is subjected at its two sides to the action of the air, and the gases in the combustion chamber, and the damper, that the damper is closed independently of the said diaphragm. In the present invention, I dispense with such motor and adapt the diaphragm itself to close the damper. I effect this result by cutting off all communication between the space under the diaphragm, and the combustion chamber, and opening the said space to the air. By this arrangement the pressures on the two sides of the diaphragm are equalized, and the damper is closed by the same means that it would be if the condition of the fire in the furnace required it. In carrying out this second part of my invention, I employ a small box A in two parts or sections, a and b and secure between them a flexible diaphragm B see Fig. 7, in which the said box is shown as attached to a seat a formed as a part of the valve shell 0 placed in and forming a part of the pipe H. On the diaphragm B, I placea loose plate D having a central upper projection (1 turned to fit in a guide 6 in the upper section a E is a lever fnlcrumed at f to a lug g on the section a of the box A and between this lever and the top of the plate 0 is a stem F the ends of which are pointed to reduce friction in any movement of the parts. A part of the shell 0 is adapted as a valve chamber G and provided With a valve Il which closes inits upward motion, against a seatj The upper end of the stem 10 of the valve H passes through an opening an in the top of the chamber G2 which opening is somewhat larger than the stem. The top of the stem 10 is hinged to the lever E 1 is a valve on the stem 10 to close the opening m when the valve H is opened. The lower end of the said stem is weighted, the weights n resting on a plate 0 into which the stem is screwed. Steam from the boiler is introduced to the lower, part b of the box A and below the diaphragm B by means of a pipe J The weights n are approximately such as tobe overcome and lifted when the steam pressure on the under side of.

the diaphragm B reaches the prearranged height, and allow the valve H to be drawn to its seat. A very close adjustment of the load on the valve B is, however, effected by the IIO her being thuscut off by the closing of the valvelfiyanda'iradniitted to the pipeH by the uncovering of the aperture m an equilibrium of pressure on the diaphragm D is established and the damper is closed, through the operation of' the mechanism before described.- As soonasthe'pressurein'the boiler falls below the maximum limit, the weights 41. again open the valve H and the'fire in the furnace is again regulated by the automatic alteration'inthe'position of the chimney damper-before described.

Itwouldbe possible to substitute'an electric motor for the steam or water one described; to'operat'e the damper, and in such case the diaphragmste'm G w'ouldbe required to make andbreak the electric circuit, in-

, stead of actuate; the valve N, and" such sub stitution of electricity for steamer water is withint-he scope of the present invention.

1 Incombination with a furnace, and a damper which cout'rols'thecombustion of fuel in the furnace, amotor to'operate the said damper, a diaphragm one side of which is ex-v posed t'o -the gases-in thesaid'furna'c'e and the other to the air, and means to connect'the said' diaphragm to the said moto'r'wher'eby'in themoveinent of the said diaphragm, consequentupon changesin the relative pressures on' the: .t'wo'sides thereof; the" said motor is either" put into operation or stopped, substantially' as, and for the purpose specified.

2." Incombination with afurna'ce, and a damper which'con-trols the combustion of'fuel in the furnace, a-steam'o'rwater cylinder hav ing a piston with a rod W'hic'h-is'connected to the said damper, valve mechanism to control the'entran'ce of steam or water to the said cylinder and to the piston therein, and also the discharge of steam or water from the said cylinder, and a diaphragm having one side thereof exposed to the gases in" the furnace and theother to the atmosphere adapted to operate the said valve mechanism, substantially as, and for'the purpose specified.

3; In combination with a furnace, and a damper which controls the combustion of fuel in the furnace, a water cylinder having a piston therein connected to the said damper, an arm on the said piston rod with a chain leading'therefrom to the periphery of a pulley, an-

. other pulley'of smaller diameter attached to the first having achain connected byan elastic device to a diaphragm having one side thereof exposed to the gases in the said furnace and the other to theatmosphere, valve mechanism to control the entrance of Water to, and the discharge of water from, the said cylinder, and suitable mechanism to convey motion from the said diaphragm to the said valve mechanism, substantially as, and for 1 the purpose specified.

4. In combination with a boiler and a furnace, and a damper whichco'rit'rols the combustion of fuel in the said furnace, a diaphragm one sideof which is exposed to the gases in the furnace and the other exposed to the atmosphere, connected" by means of suitable mechanism to the said damper, so that its movement influenced by any change in the relative pressures of the gases and the atmosphere, will operate the damper, a valve which when closed, cuts ofithe communicating passage between the furnaceand'the said diaphragm, and a steam operated device to close the said communicating'valve, upon the steam pressure in the boiler rising to a prearranged height, the whole operating to close the damper upon the steam attaining the maximum pressure, independently of the pressure of the gases-in thefurnace', substantiallyas specified. V

5; In combination with a boiler, and afurnace, an'd a damper which controls the combustion of fuel in the said furnace, a diaphragm having one side open to thegases in thefurna'ee by means ofa pipe, and the other side exposed to the action oftheatni'osphere,

a valve situated in the said connecting pipe adapted when closedto close the s'aidconnecting'pipe to the gases and open it to the air, a weighted steam operated diaphragmor valve connected'tot'he said connecting valve, whereby in tylie'increase of steam-pressurein the boiler to a pre-arranged tension, the said weighted diaphragm is raised and theconine'cting valve closed, and an equilibrium of connecting valve, and an air valvetoad'mit' air to the interior of the connecting pipe as the connecting valve is closed, whereby upon the steam in the boiler rising to a pre-arranged height, all communication between the space under the diaphragm and the interior of the furnace is stopped, and the said space brought into communication with the air, substantially as, and for the purpose specified.

GEORGE LANDER THIELL.

Witnesses:

GEO. E. TAYLOR, DANL. FISHER. 

